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Does adiposity status influence femoral cortical strength in rodent models of growth hormone deficiency?

Stevenson, A. E., Evans, Bronwen Alice James ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3082-1008, Gevers, E. F., Elford, Carole, McLeod, Robert William J., Perry, M. J., El-Kasti, M. M., Coschigano, K. T., Kopchick, J. J., Evans, Samuel Lewin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3664-2569 and Wells, Timothy ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3618-0595 2009. Does adiposity status influence femoral cortical strength in rodent models of growth hormone deficiency? American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism 296 (1) , E147-E156. 10.1152/ajpendo.90689.2008

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Abstract

Growth hormone (GH)-deficiency is usually associated with elevated adiposity, hyperleptinemia, and increased fracture risk. Since leptin is thought to enhance cortical bone formation, we have investigated the contribution of elevated adiposity and hyperleptinemia on femoral strength in rodent models of GH deficiency. Quantification of the transpubertal development of femoral strength in the moderately GH-deficient/hyperleptinemic Tgr rat and the profoundly GH-deficient/hypoleptinemic dw/dw rat revealed that the mechanical properties of cortical bone in these two models were similarly compromised, a 25–30% reduction in failure load being entirely due to impairment of geometric variables. In contrast, murine models of partial (GH antagonist transgenic) and complete (GH receptor-null) loss of GH signaling and elevated adiposity showed an impairment of femoral cortical strength proportionate to the reduction of GH signaling. To determine whether impaired femoral strength is exacerbated by obesity/hyperleptinemia, femoral strength was assessed in dw/dw rats following two developmental manipulations that elevate abdominal adiposity and circulating leptin, neonatal monosodium glutamate (MSG) treatment, and maintenance on an elevated fat diet. The additional impairment of femoral strength following MSG treatment is likely to have resulted from a reduction in residual activity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-GH-IGF-I axis, but consumption of elevated dietary fat, which did not reduce circulating IGF-I, failed to exacerbate the compromised femoral strength in dw/dw rats. Taken together, our data indicate that the obesity and hyperleptinemia usually associated with GH deficiency do not exert a significant influence over the strength of cortical bone.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Biosciences
Engineering
Medicine
Subjects: R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Uncontrolled Keywords: bone strength; femoral morphology; leptin
Publisher: American Physiological Society
ISSN: 0193-1849
Last Modified: 02 Dec 2022 11:51
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/8882

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