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Peer-to-peer energy trading in electrical distribution networks

Zhang, Chenghua 2017. Peer-to-peer energy trading in electrical distribution networks. PhD Thesis, Cardiff University.
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Abstract

In response to the challenges posed by the increasing penetration of distributed generation from renewable energy sources and the increasing electricity retail prices with decreasing Feed-In Tariff rates, a new energy trading arrangement, “peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading” has been proposed. It refers to the direct energy trading among consumers and prosumers in distribution networks, which is developed based on the “P2P economy” concept (also known as sharing economy). A hierarchical system architecture model has been proposed in order to identify and categorise the key elements and technologies involved in P2P energy trading. A P2P energy trading platform called “Elecbay” is designed. The P2P bidding is simulated using game theory. Test results in a grid-connected LV Microgrid with distributed generators and flexible demands show that P2P energy trading is able to improve the local balance of energy generation and consumption, and the enhanced variety of peers is able to further facilitate the balance. Two necessary control systems are proposed for the Microgrid with “Elecbay”. A voltage control system which combines droop control and on-load-tap-changer (OLTC) control is designed and simulated. Simulation results show that the proposed voltage control system is sufficient for supporting the P2P energy trading in the Microgrid. The total number of operation times of the OLTC is reduced with P2P energy trading compared to the reference scenario. The information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructures for the P2P bidding platform and the voltage control system are investigated. The information exchange among peers and other parties (Elecbay, distribution system operators, etc.) is designed based on TCP/IP protocol. Existing and private communication networks with different communication medium, bandwidths, etc., are modelled. Simulation results show that the existing ICT infrastructures are sufficient for supporting both the P2P energy trading platform and the voltage control system. Therefore, no large amount of additional investments are required.

Item Type: Thesis (PhD)
Date Type: Completion
Status: Unpublished
Schools: Engineering
Uncontrolled Keywords: P2P Energy Trading; Smart Grid; Distribution Networks; Game Theory; Voltage Control; ICT.
Date of First Compliant Deposit: 14 February 2018
Last Modified: 18 May 2021 11:39
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/109074

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