Innate immune mechanisms in the recognition of herpesviridae

Eryilmazlar, Dilan 2014. Innate immune mechanisms in the recognition of herpesviridae. PhD Thesis, Cardiff University. Item availability restricted.

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Abstract

Throughout our life cycle, the human body is exposed to harmful microorganisms. The innate immune system is a fundamental factor in the human body, which helps eliminate foreign organisms through specific signalling pathways with the involvement of immune receptors and signalling molecules. Viruses have evolved to infect the host and bypass the host immune responses,however a plethora of Pattern recognition receptors exist in the cell that are capable of detecting viral pathogens and mounting an innate immune response. Herpes simplex Virus Type 2 and Cytomegalovirus are common human pathogens that cause genital ulcerations, organ failure and mental health problems like encephalitis. In this study, we have aimed to identify the host’s innate immune response to HSV2 and HCMV infection in primary vaginal cells as well as Hela cells. Our data have shown that these viruses are recognized by TLR2 on the cell surface followed by intracellular PRRs such as TLR9, DAI, and IFI16, which trigger cytokine activation and release. Confocal imaging has revealed that these PRRs are located in different cell compartments and during viral cell entry and replication they can identify viral presence at specific parts of the cell. Therefore it seems that different PRRs are strategically placed in different cell locations to detect virus invasion and replication in order to activate cytokine secretion and protect the host. When different agonists for PRRs were used it was revealed that they were effective against Herpes virus infection thus indicating that a combination of PRRs agonists especially ones that trigger different cytokines could provide a wider spectrum prophylaxis to the host and they can be used to generate efficient treatment against HSV2 and HCMV infection.

Item Type:	Thesis (PhD)
Status:	Unpublished
Schools:	Medicine
Subjects:	Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR180 Immunology R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	30 March 2016
Last Modified:	19 Mar 2016 23:58
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/75002

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