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Understanding high endothelial venules: lessons for cancer immunology

Ager, Ann ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5763-8908 and May, Michael J. 2015. Understanding high endothelial venules: lessons for cancer immunology. OncoImmunology 4 (6) , e1008791. 10.1080/2162402X.2015.1008791

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Abstract

High endothelial venules (HEVs) are blood vessels especially adapted for lymphocyte trafficking which are normally found in secondary lymphoid organs such as lymph nodes (LN) and Peyer's patches. It has long been known that HEVs develop in non-lymphoid organs during chronic inflammation driven by autoimmunity, infection or allografts. More recently, HEVs have been observed in solid, vascularized tumors and their presence correlated with reduced tumor size and improved patient outcome. It is proposed that newly formed HEV promote antitumor immunity by recruiting naive lymphocytes into the tumor, thus allowing the local generation of cancerous tissue-destroying lymphocytes. Understanding how HEVs develop and function are therefore important to unravel their role in human cancers. In LN, HEVs develop during embryonic and early post-natal life and are actively maintained by the LN microenvironment. Systemic blockade of lymphotoxin-β receptor leads to HEV de-differentiation, but the LN components that induce HEV differentiation have remained elusive. Recent elegant studies using gene-targeted mice have demonstrated clearly that triggering the lymphotoxin-β receptor in endothelial cells (EC) induces the differentiation of HEV and that CD11c+ dendritic cells play a crucial role in this process. It will be important to determine whether lymphotoxin-β receptor-dependent signaling in EC drives the development of HEV during tumorigenesis and which cells have HEV-inducer properties. This may reveal therapeutic approaches to promote HEV neogenesis and determine the impact of newly formed HEV on tumor immunity.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Medicine
Systems Immunity Research Institute (SIURI)
Subjects: Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR180 Immunology
R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0254 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology (including Cancer)
Uncontrolled Keywords: dendritic cells, high endothelial venules, lymphotoxin-β receptor, T cell homing, tumor immunotherapy, EC,
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISSN: 2162-402X
Funders: MRC
Date of First Compliant Deposit: 30 March 2016
Date of Acceptance: 10 January 2015
Last Modified: 02 May 2023 12:15
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/74076

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