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A pathway-based analysis provides additional support for an immune-related genetic susceptibility to Parkinson's disease

Holmans, Peter Alan ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0870-9412, Escott-Price, Valentina ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1784-5483, Jones, Lesley ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3007-4612, Sharma, Manu, Vedernikov, Alexey, Buchel, Finja, Sadd, Mohamad, Bras, Jose M., Bettella, Francesco, Nicolaou, Nayia, Simón-Sánchez, Javier, Mittag, Florian, Gibbs, J. Raphael, Schulte, Claudia, Durr, Alexandra, Guerreiro, Rita, Hernandez, Dena, Brice, Alexis, Stefánsson, Hreinn, Majamaa, Kari, Gasser, Thomas, Heutink, Peter, Wood, Nicholas W., Martinez, Maria, Singleton, Andrew B., Nalls, Michael A., Hardy, John, Morris, Huw Rees and Williams, Nigel Melville ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1177-6931 2013. A pathway-based analysis provides additional support for an immune-related genetic susceptibility to Parkinson's disease. Human Molecular Genetics 22 (5) , pp. 1039-1049. 10.1093/hmg/dds492

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Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease affecting 1–2% in people >60 and 3–4% in people >80. Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have now implicated significant evidence for association in at least 18 genomic regions. We have studied a large PD-meta analysis and identified a significant excess of SNPs (P < 1 × 10−16) that are associated with PD but fall short of the genome-wide significance threshold. This result was independent of variants at the 18 previously implicated regions and implies the presence of additional polygenic risk alleles. To understand how these loci increase risk of PD, we applied a pathway-based analysis, testing for biological functions that were significantly enriched for genes containing variants associated with PD. Analysing two independent GWA studies, we identified that both had a significant excess in the number of functional categories enriched for PD-associated genes (minimum P = 0.014 and P = 0.006, respectively). Moreover, 58 categories were significantly enriched for associated genes in both GWA studies (P < 0.001), implicating genes involved in the ‘regulation of leucocyte/lymphocyte activity’ and also ‘cytokine-mediated signalling’ as conferring an increased susceptibility to PD. These results were unaltered by the exclusion of all 178 genes that were present at the 18 genomic regions previously reported to be strongly associated with PD (including the HLA locus). Our findings, therefore, provide independent support to the strong association signal at the HLA locus and imply that the immune-related genetic susceptibility to PD is likely to be more widespread in the genome than previously appreciated.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (CNGG)
Medicine
Systems Immunity Research Institute (SIURI)
Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute (NMHRI)
Subjects: R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Additional Information: Authors are members of The International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium (IPDGC)
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISSN: 0964-6906
Last Modified: 04 Mar 2023 02:58
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/46480

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