Theory of antimicrobial combinations: biocide mixtures - synergy or addition?

Lambert, R. J. W., Johnston, M. D., Hanlon, G. W. and Denyer, Stephen Paul 2003. Theory of antimicrobial combinations: biocide mixtures - synergy or addition? Journal of Applied Microbiology 94 (4) , pp. 747-759. 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.01908.x

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Abstract

AIMS: To demonstrate the effect that non-linear dose responses have on the appearance of synergy in mixtures of antimicrobials. METHODS AND RESULTS: A mathematical model, which allows the prediction of the efficacy of mixtures of antimicrobials with non-linear dose responses, was produced. The efficacy of antimicrobial mixtures that would be classified as synergistic by time-kill methodology was shown to be a natural consequence of combining antimicrobials with non-linear dose responses. CONCLUSIONS: The effectiveness of admixtures of biocides and other antimicrobials with non-linear dose responses can be predicted. If the dose response (or dilution coefficient) of any biocidal component, in a mixture, is other than one, then the time-kill methodology used to ascertain the existence of synergy in antimicrobial combinations is flawed. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The kinetic model developed allows the prediction of the efficacy of antimicrobial combinations. Combinations of known antimicrobials, which reduce the time taken to achieve a specified level of microbial inactivation, can be easily assessed once the kinetic profile of each component has been obtained. Most patented cases of antimicrobial synergy have not taken into account the possible effect of non-linear dose responses of the component materials. That much of the earlier literature can now be predicted, suggests that future cases will require more thorough proof of the alleged synergy.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Pharmacy
Subjects:	R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biocide; disinfection; Staphylococcus aureus; synergy
Additional Information:	Corrigendum published in vol 95, issue 1, p. 202: The publishers regret an error which has occurred on page 749 of the above mentioned paper. The term CQ is defined incorrectly in the paragraph following equation (6). The correct definition is [formula]. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.02014.x
Publisher:	Wiley-Blackwell
ISSN:	1365-2672
Last Modified:	19 Mar 2016 23:14
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/44297

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