Immune recruitment and therapeutic synergy: Keys to optimizing oncolytic viral therapy?

Naik, Jay D., Twelves, Christopher J., Selby, Peter J., Vile, Richard G. and Chester, John D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7830-3840 2011. Immune recruitment and therapeutic synergy: Keys to optimizing oncolytic viral therapy? Clinical Cancer Research 17 (13) , pp. 4214-4224. 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-10-2848

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Abstract

Oncolytic viruses consist of a diverse range of DNA and RNA viruses traditionally thought to mediate their effects by exploiting aberrations in tumor pathways, allowing preferential viral replication in, and killing of, tumor cells. Clinical development has progressed to late-phase trials, potentially heralding their introduction into clinical practice. However, despite this promise, the activity of oncolytic viruses has yet to achieve the potential suggested in preclinical models. To address this disparity, we need to recognize the complex interaction among oncolytic viruses, tumor, chemotherapy, and host immune system, and appreciate that direct oncolysis may not be the only factor to play an important role in oncolytic virus-mediated antitumor efficacy. Although key in inactivating viruses, the host immune system can also act as an ally against tumors, interacting with oncolytic viruses under the right conditions to generate useful and long-lasting antitumor immunity. Preclinical data also suggest that oncolytic viruses show synergy with standard therapies, which may offer improved clinical response rates. Here, we explore clinical and preclinical data on clinically relevant oncolytic viruses, highlighting areas of progress, uncertainty, and translational opportunity, with respect to immune recruitment and therapeutic synergy.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Subjects:	Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR180 Immunology Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR355 Virology R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0254 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology (including Cancer) R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
Publisher:	American Association for Cancer Research
ISSN:	1078-0432
Last Modified:	19 Oct 2022 08:43
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/18834

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