Tetracycline resistance mediated by tet(M) has variable integrative conjugative element composition in Mycoplasma hominis isolated in the United Kingdom from 2005-2015.

Chalker, Victoria J., Sharratt, Martin G., Rees, Christopher, Bell, Oliver H., Portal, Edward, Sands, Kirsty, Payne, Matthew S., Jones, Lucy C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3872-4376 and Spiller, Owen B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9117-6911 2021. Tetracycline resistance mediated by tet(M) has variable integrative conjugative element composition in Mycoplasma hominis isolated in the United Kingdom from 2005-2015. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 65 , e02513-20. 10.1128/AAC.02513-20

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Abstract

A minimal genome and absent bacterial cell wall renders Mycoplasma hominis inherently resistant to most antimicrobials except lincosamides, tetracyclines and fluoroquinionlones. Often dismissed as a commensal (except where linked to preterm birth), it causes septic arthritis in immunodeficient patients and is increasingly associated with transplant failure (particularly lung) accompanying immunosuppression. We examined antimicrobial susceptibility (AST) on strains archived between 2005-2015 submitted to the Public Health England reference laboratory and determined the underlying mechanism of resistance by whole genome sequencing (WGS). Archived M. hominis strains included 32/115 from invasive infection (sepsis, CSF, peritoneal and pleural fluid) over the 10-year period (6.4% of all samples submitted between 2010-2015 were positive). No clindamycin resistance was detected, while two strains were resistant to moxifloxacin and levofloxacin (resistance mutations: S83L or E87G in gyrA and S81I or E84V in parC). One of these strains and 11 additional strains were tetracycline resistant, mediated by tet(M) carried within an integrative conjugative element (ICE) consistently integrated at the somatic rumA gene; however, the ICEs varied widely in 5-19 associated accessory genes. WGS analysis showed tet(M)-carrying strains were not clonal, refuting previous speculation that the ICE was broken and immobile. We found tet(M)-positive and -negative strains (including the multi-resistant 2015 strain) to be equally susceptible to tigecycline and josamycin, however, the British National Formulary does not include guidance for these. Continued M. hominis investigation and AST surveillance (especially immunocompromised patients) is warranted, and expansion of the limited therapeutics needs to be expanded in the UK

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Publisher:	American Society for Microbiology
ISSN:	0066-4804
Funders:	Kess
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	26 January 2021
Date of Acceptance:	5 January 2021
Last Modified:	27 Jan 2024 16:52
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/137869

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