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Sex differences in cardiovascular morbidity associated with familial hypercholesterolaemia: a retrospective cohort study of the UK Simon Broome register linked to national hospital records

Iyen, Barbara, Qureshi, Nadeem, Weng, Stephen, Roderick, Paul, Kai, Joe, Capps, Nigel, Durrington, Paul N., McDowell, Ian FW., Soran, Handrean, Neil, Andrew and Humphries, Steve E. 2020. Sex differences in cardiovascular morbidity associated with familial hypercholesterolaemia: a retrospective cohort study of the UK Simon Broome register linked to national hospital records. Atherosclerosis 315 , pp. 131-137. 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.895

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Abstract

Background and aims The UK Simon Broome (SB) familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) register previously reported 3-fold higher standardised mortality ratio for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women compared to men from 2009 to 2015. Here we examined sex differences in CVD morbidity in FH by national linkage of the SB register with Hospital Episode Statistics (HES). Methods Of 3553 FH individuals in the SB register (aged 20–79 years at registration), 2988 (52.5% women) had linked HES records. Standardised Morbidity Ratios (SMbR) compared to an age and sex-matched UK general practice population were calculated [95% confidence intervals] for first CVD hospitalisation in HES (a composite of coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction (MI), stable or unstable angina, stroke, TIA, peripheral vascular disease (PVD), heart failure, coronary revascularisation interventions). Results At registration, men had significantly (p < 0.001) higher prevalence of previous CHD (24.8% vs 17.6%), previous MI (13.2% vs 6.3%), and were commenced on lipid-lowering treatment at a younger age than women (37.5 years vs 42.3 years). The SMbR for composite CVD was 6.83 (6.33–7.37) in men and 7.55 (6.99–8.15) in women. In individuals aged 30–50 years, SMbR in women was 50% higher than in men (15.04 [12.98–17.42] vs 10.03 [9.01–11.17]). In individuals >50 years, SMbR was 33% higher in women than men (6.11 [5.57–6.70] vs 4.59 [4.08–5.15]). Conclusions Excess CVD morbidity due to FH remains markedly elevated in women at all ages, but especially those aged 30–50 years. This highlights the need for earlier diagnosis and optimisation of lipid-lowering risk factor management for all FH patients, with particular attention to young women with FH.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Medicine
Additional Information: Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0)
Publisher: Elsevier: 12 months
ISSN: 0021-9150
Date of First Compliant Deposit: 6 January 2021
Date of Acceptance: 28 October 2020
Last Modified: 15 May 2023 21:31
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/137357

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