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Effects of genomic copy number variants penetrant for schizophrenia on cortical thickness and surface area in healthy individuals: analysis of the UK Biobank

Caseras, Xavier ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8490-6891, Kirov, George ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3427-3950, Kendall, Kimberley M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6755-6121, Rees, Elliott ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6168-9222, Legge, Sophie E., Bracher-Smith, Matthew, Escott-Price, Valentina ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1784-5483 and Murphy, Kevin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-313X 2021. Effects of genomic copy number variants penetrant for schizophrenia on cortical thickness and surface area in healthy individuals: analysis of the UK Biobank. British Journal of Psychiatry 218 (2) , pp. 104-111. 10.1192/bjp.2020.139

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Abstract

Background Schizophrenia is a highly heritable disorder with undetermined neurobiological causes. Understanding the impact on brain anatomy of carrying genetic risk for the disorder will contribute to uncovering its neurobiological underpinnings. Aims To examine the effect of rare copy number variants (CNVs) associated with schizophrenia on brain cortical anatomy in a sample of unaffected participants from the UK Biobank. Method We used regression analyses to compare cortical thickness and surface area (total and across gyri) between 120 unaffected carriers of rare CNVs associated with schizophrenia and 16 670 participants without any pathogenic CNV. A measure of cortical thickness and surface area covariance across gyri was also compared between groups. Results Carrier status was associated with reduced surface area (β = −0.020 mm2, P < 0.001) and less robustly with increased cortical thickness (β = 0.015 mm, P = 0.035), and with increased covariance in thickness (carriers z = 0.31 v. non-carriers z = 0.22, P < 0.0005). Associations were mainly present in frontal and parietal areas and driven by a limited number of rare risk alleles included in our analyses (mainly 15q11.2 deletion for surface area and 16p13.11 duplication for thickness covariance). Conclusions Results for surface area conformed with previous clinical findings, supporting surface area reductions as an indicator of genetic liability for schizophrenia. Results for cortical thickness, though, argued against its validity as a potential risk marker. Increased structural thickness covariance across gyri also appears related to risk for schizophrenia. The heterogeneity found across the effects of rare risk alleles suggests potential different neurobiological gateways into schizophrenia's phenotype.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Medicine
MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (CNGG)
Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC)
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISSN: 0007-1250
Funders: Wellcome Trust
Date of First Compliant Deposit: 4 August 2020
Date of Acceptance: 20 June 2020
Last Modified: 06 May 2023 07:13
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/132796

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