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Energy-dense, low-fiber, high-fat dietary pattern is associated with increased fatness in childhood

Johnson, Laura, Mander, Adrian ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0742-9040, Jones, Louise R., Emmett, Pauline M. and Jebb, Susan A. 2008. Energy-dense, low-fiber, high-fat dietary pattern is associated with increased fatness in childhood. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 87 (4) , pp. 846-854. 10.1093/ajcn/87.4.846

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Abstract

Background: Evidence for the dietary determinants of obesity in children is limited.Objective: The objective was to identify a dietary pattern that explained dietary energy density (DED), fiber density (FD), and percentage of energy intake from fat and analyze its relation to fatness in children.Design: The subjects were 521 (at ages 5 and 9 y) and 682 (at ages 7 and 9 y) children participating in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Diet was assessed with the use of 3-d diet diaries at ages 5 and 7 y. Reduced rank regression derived a dietary pattern with the use of DED, fiber, and fat intake as intermediate variables. Fat mass was measured at age 9 y with the use of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Fat mass index (FMI) was calculated, and excess adiposity was defined (as the top quintile of logFMI).Results: Pattern score at ages 5 and 7 y was correlated with DED (r = 0.8), FD (r = −0.7), and percentage of energy intake from fat (r = 0.5). An increase of 1 SD of pattern score at ages 5 and 7 y, respectively, was associated with a 0.15-kg (95% CI: −0.1, 0.45 kg) and a 0.28-kg (95% CI: 0.05, 0.53 kg) higher fat mass at age 9 y, after controlling for confounders. The adjusted odds of excess adiposity at age 9 y for children in quintile 5 compared with quintile 1 of dietary pattern score at ages 5 and 7 y, respectively, were 2.52 (95% CI: 1.13, 6.08) and 4.18 (95% CI: 2.07, 9.38).Conclusion: An energy-dense, low-fiber, high-fat diet is associated with higher fat mass and greater odds of excess adiposity in childhood.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Medicine
Publisher: American Society for Nutrition
ISSN: 0002-9165
Last Modified: 04 Nov 2022 12:29
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/123274

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