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Structural and functional neuroimaging of polygenic risk for schizophrenia: a recall-by-genotype-based approach

Lancaster, Thomas M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1322-2449, Dimitriadis, Stavros L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0000-5392, Tansey, Katherine E., Perry, Gavin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0468-0421, Ihssen, Niklas, Jones, Derek K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4409-8049, Singh, Krish D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3094-2475, Holmans, Peter ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0870-9412, Pocklington, Andrew ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2137-0452, Davey Smith, George, Zammit, Stan ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2647-9211, Hall, Jeremy ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2737-9009, O'Donovan, Michael C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7073-2379, Owen, Michael J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4798-0862 and Linden, David E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5638-9292 2019. Structural and functional neuroimaging of polygenic risk for schizophrenia: a recall-by-genotype-based approach. Schizophrenia Bulletin 45 (2) , pp. 405-414. 10.1093/schbul/sby037

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Abstract

Risk profile scores (RPS) derived from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) explain a considerable amount of susceptibility for schizophrenia (SCZ). However, little is known about how common genetic risk factors for SCZ influence the structure and function of the human brain, largely due to the constraints of imaging sample sizes. In the current study, we use a novel recall-by-genotype (RbG) methodological approach, where we sample young adults from a population cohort (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children: N genotyped = 8365) based on their SCZ-RPS. We compared 197 healthy individuals at extremes of low (N = 99) or high (N = 98) SCZ-RPS with behavioral tests, and structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We first provide methodological details that will inform the design of future RbG studies for common SCZ genetic risk. We further provide an between group analysis of the RbG individuals (low vs high SCZ-RPS) who underwent structural neuroimaging data (T1—weighted scans) and fMRI data during a reversal learning task. While we found little evidence for morphometric differences between the low and high SCZ-RPS groups, we observed an impact of SCZ-RPS on blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal during reward processing in the ventral striatum (PFWE-VS-CORRECTED = .037), a previously investigated broader reward-related network (PFWE-ROIS-CORRECTED = .008), and across the whole brain (PFWE-WHOLE-BRAIN-CORRECTED = .013). We also describe the study strategy and discuss specific challenges of RbG for SCZ risk (such as SCZ-RPS related homoscedasticity). This study will help to elucidate the behavioral and imaging phenotypes that are associated with SCZ genetic risk.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Medicine
Psychology
Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute (NMHRI)
Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC)
MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (CNGG)
Additional Information: This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISSN: 0586-7614
Funders: Medical Research Council
Date of First Compliant Deposit: 20 March 2018
Date of Acceptance: 3 March 2018
Last Modified: 11 Oct 2023 18:19
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/110053

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